当地时间11月7日,首趟境内外全程时刻表中欧班列抵达德国杜伊斯堡接车仪式在杜伊斯堡举行。此趟中欧班列从中国西安始发,经亚欧走廊运行近万公里抵达德国杜伊斯堡。图为抵达的中欧班列。中新社记者 马秀秀 摄
霍斯特·勒歇尔:杜伊斯堡地处德国西部,是德国的煤炭和钢铁工业重镇,后来由于德国经济经历结构性变革,不再发展煤炭业和钢铁业,这座城市受到了极大打击。杜伊斯堡的人们不得不去另寻谋生出路。而德中的这种联系,是“一带一路”倡议的体现,也很大程度上帮助杜伊斯堡重新稳定经济,杜伊斯堡现在的发展确实非常好。与此同时,“一带一路”倡议对杜伊斯堡周边区域也有着积极的影响。
中国崛起为何不是孤立中国的理由?
中新社记者:近段时间,一些德国政客反复警告德企要降低对华依赖。对此,中国外交部发言人回应称,所谓“对华依赖”,这就是个伪命题。因为合作从来都是互利的,依存从来都是相互的。应当如何看待这一问题?“脱钩”是否同样是个伪命题?
李远:“脱钩”和“对华依赖”被用作西方对华进行限制与遏制的政治说辞,反映了德国部分政客对中国不信任,甚至对中国的投资存在一定的歧视。要警惕这种主张通过西方媒体的夸大,形成舆论导向,进而误导部分国家的对华政策。
中德互为最重要的贸易和投资伙伴,中德经贸合作具有广阔的前景和巨大的潜力,在经贸合作纽带的作用下,中德之间形成了巨大的共同利益和愈发紧密的关系。在上世纪中国改革开放之初,经济实力还不那么强大之时,西方国家对与快速发展的中国扩大经贸关系感到高兴,西方的主流经济学理论也一直都在鼓吹国际贸易的好处。比如国际贸易会使所有贸易国的绝对收益增加,也会加深各国的相互依赖程度,提高冲突的机会成本,进而可以促进和平。
但目前,一些西方政客关心的却不是“大家都会获益吗?”,而是“谁的获益更多”。如果两个国家都采用这样的视角去审视其经贸关系,则两国关系易陷入零和博弈模式,并会导致冲突。
中新社记者:朔尔茨日前撰文表示,中国已成为一个经济上强劲、政治上自信的国家。他特别强调,中国的崛起,不是孤立中国的理由,也不是限制对华合作的借口。如何理解朔尔茨的这一表态?
李远:对部分鼓吹“脱钩”和“降低对华依赖”的德国政客来说,“同情”一个“弱中国”容易,但他们更应该做的是学会与一个“强中国”打交道。遇到问题需要相互尊重、对话协商,更需要推进更深层和务实的合作,在合作中扩大共同利益,在发展中破解难题。
中新社记者:中国喜欢用“务实”来形容德国的政治风格。怎样的双边关系才最符合双方的共同利益?
李远:理性是德国人的美德。政治家是理性的,默克尔在经济方面表现得很务实。德国应该与中国保持密切联系,因为德国经济以出口为导向,海外市场是德国产品的最大市场。中德有许多共同利益。因此,中国的增长应该被视为机遇而不是挑战。但也请注意,中德之间存在许多差异。对于德国来说,要真正了解中国,并非易事。
如今,人们应该承认并拥抱社会制度和文化的多样性。中德共同面临着新冠疫情、气候变化、经济和世界长期和平等诸多全球挑战。我们需要对双方的分歧持开放态度,建立信任并相互合作,以解决这些共同挑战。
作者:彭大伟 陈雪莲
中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。 资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄 由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。 House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() ![]() 至尊彩票地图 |