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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

400余件艺术作品诠释“两岸一家亲”******

昨天上午，“源·缘——闽台艺术展”在中国国家博物馆南2展厅展出。本次展览由中国国家博物馆、福建省文化和旅游厅共同主办，福建博物院承办，共展出400余件闽台艺术作品，从戏曲、文学、书法、美术等方面诠释了“两岸一家亲、闽台亲上亲”，展览将开放至4月9日。

福建与台湾，在地缘、血缘、文化渊源等方面联系紧密，两岸经济文化交流最早可追溯至石器时代。安溪寮、福安里、泉州厝、兴化坑、永春陂、同安宅、龙岩庄等以福建漳州、泉州地名命名的台湾聚落，以及诏安、梅山等100多个闽台同名村镇，完整记录了福建先民开发台湾的历史轨迹。闽南话、氏族宗祠、布袋戏、妈祖信俗、闽南建筑等习俗与艺术形式，时时诉说着闽台同根的绵长柔情。

北京青年报记者从国博了解到，本次展览共分为4个部分。

序厅“同宗同源敦亲睦族”，通过族谱、家谱、古渡口路亭碑拓片、台湾同胞带回的台湾土壤等展品与抽象的闽南红砖建筑结合，展现中华民族“重土恋家、重视血缘”的文化传统。

第一单元“海峡之音合韵千年”，通过南音、芗剧(歌仔戏)、闽剧、莆仙戏、梨园戏、高甲戏、木偶戏以及现代戏等戏曲形式，展现闽台语言同系，闽台人民通过共同的戏曲传统所表达出的情感联结。

第二单元“艺蕴天工小康大同”，围绕闽台共同的生活习惯、信俗等，结合两岸工匠、艺术家共同创造的民间工艺以及工艺美术作品，展现闽台同根同源的展览主旨。

第三单元“妙笔生花写意中华”，通过文学、书法、绘画、漆画等艺术形式展现闽台文化是中华文化的一部分，两地文化渊源深厚。

展品中，来自福建博物院的“江加走雕木偶头”显示了福建木偶戏的源远流长。木偶戏在福建落地发展出多样的表演形式，其中提线木偶、布袋木偶与铁枝木偶并称“福建木偶三绝”。神奇绝妙的木偶表演技艺为福建赢得了“木偶之乡”的声誉。明清时期，木偶戏随着福建移民传播至台湾地区，成为联系两地人民文化和血缘亲情的重要载体。

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）